IGNOU MFN-04
- Advance Nutrition,
Latest Solved Assignment
(July 2023 - January 2024)

Section A - Descriptive Questions
There are eight questions in this part. Answer all questions.

1. a) Enumerate several methods used for studying the nutrient requirements for an individual.
b) Define energy requirement and energy expenditure. Enlist the factors which affect energy requirement and expenditure.

2. a) Define carbohydrates. Explain classification of carbohydrates based on degree of polymerization (DP).
b) Comment on the statement by giving appropriate justification “Protein quality of our diet can be improved.”

3. a) What are essential fatty acids? Give examples and explain their importance.
b) What are the functions of water in our body? Explain.
c) Explain how electrolytes and plasma proteins control body water distribution.

4. a) Elaborate the role of vitamin A in visual perception. What are the factors which affects the bioavailability of vitamin A?
b) Describe the role of thiamine as coenzyme in various enzyme catalyzed reactions. Also explain how decreased intake of thiamine in diet influences our health.

5. a) Discuss metabolic fate of folate giving its food sources.
b) Describe causes and symptoms of pernicious anaemia. What recommendation you will give for preventing pernicious anaemia in vegans?

6. a) Discuss various factors which affect bioavailability of calcium in our body.
b) Explain absorption of non-haem iron in our body. What are the various factors which affect absorption of dietary iron?

7. a) Give functions of any four copper containing enzymes.
b) Elaborate the role of selenium in antioxidant defense system in our body.
c) Differentiate between probiotics and prebiotics giving their food sources.

8. a) Define antinutritional factors. How saponins and lectins exhibits antinutritional property?
b) Explain in brief about various physiological changes which takes place during pregnancy.

9. a) Briefly discuss various nutritional problems of infants and preschoolers.
b) Explain growth chart and its uses.
c) Discuss nutritional requirements for adolescent. Also give some guidelines for advocating good eating habits in them.

10. a) Give nutritional recommendations for elderly with chewing difficulty.
b) Define physical fitness. Describe five measurable components of physical fitness.
c) Explain role of iron in gene expression.

Section B - OTQ (Objective Type Questions)
1. Briefly explain the following terms giving examples:
i) Mutual supplementation
ii) Conjunctival Impression Cytology
iii) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
iv) Iron toxicity
v) Prebiotics
vi) Phytoestrogens
vii) Lactogenesis
viii) Bifidogenic effect of fructans
ix) Protein Energy Ratio
x) EAR

2. Calculate the energy requirement of Kanupriya, who is a 32-year-old moderately active female using the factorial estimation of total energy expenditure. Note: Refer Unit 2, MFN-004 for the necessary calculations.

3. Give full form of the following:
i. PDCAAS                         vi. ATP
ii. ICF                                 vii. AAD
iii. 1,25-(OH)2D               viii BMI
iv. FAD                               ix. TEE
v. BMD                               x. WHR

Section A - Descriptive Questions

There are eight questions in this part. Answer all questions.

1. a) Enumerate the components affecting energy requirement.
b) Briefly explain the concept of Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) and Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
c) What are the goals behind estimating RDAs ?

2. a) What do you understand by amino acid score and biological value of protein? How are these used to know the quality of protein in the diet?
b) Discuss briefly the methods to improve the quality of protein in the diet, giving suitable examples.
c) Enlist the clinical and biochemical features of PEM.

3. a) Briefly discuss the digestion, absorption and transportation of carbohydrates and fats.
b) Classify dietary fibre on the basis of solubility and give examples of foods high in these fibres. Enumerate the properties of dietary fiber that make it beneficial to the body.

4. a) Describe briefly the regulation of water balance in the human body. Explain the conditions that can be caused by disturbances in fluid balance in the body.
b) What are polyphenols ? Enumerate briefly the health benefits of polyphenols .
c) What are antinutritional factors? Give examples.
d) Discuss the nutritional requirements of people living in cold climate

5. a) Explain the term calcium homeostasis.
b) How tryptophan is converted to niacin? Explain with the help of flow chart.
c) Briefly describe the role of vitamin E and selenium in lipid peroxidation.

6. a) Mention any two tests each that can measure the following:
i) Cardiovascular endurance
ii) Muscular strength and endurance
iii) Flexibility
b) What are ergogenic aids? Enlist the categories of nutritional ergogenic aids. Discuss in brief the side effects of these aids to the body.
c) Write short note on nutritional requirements in hot environment.

7. a) Briefly discuss the physiology of lactation and enumerate the importance of human milk for infant growth and development.
b) Write the food sources, functions and RDA for adult man and woman for the following nutrients:
i) Zinc
ii) Vitamin C
iii) Copper

8. a) Briefly discuss the following:

i) Nutrient needs and dietary management for pregnant women
ii) Dietary modification for the elderly male
b) Briefly explain the measures to avoid macro and micronutrient deficiency during emergencies.
c) Write short notes on space foods.

Section B - OTQ (Objective Type Questions)

1. Briefly explain the following terms giving examples:

i) Ketosis
ii) Resistant starch
iii) Indirect calorimetry
iv) Pre-eclampsia
v) Functional foods
vi) Essential fatty acids
vii) Amylase Inhibitors
viii) Growth monitoring
ix) SAM
x) Phytoestrogens

2. Ram is a 42 year old sedentary male having body weight of 65 kg. Calculate the energy (5) requirement using the factorial estimation of total energy expenditure.
Note: Refer Unit 2, MFN-004 for the necessary calculations.

3. Tabulate the ICMR (2020) recommended dietary allowances for energy, protein, vitamin A, iron, calcium for the following:

i) 27 yrs lactating mother of 50kg doing sedentary work
ii) 9 months infant
iii) 70 years man of 60 kg
iv) 14 years girl
v) 11 years boy